College

College of Health Professions

Date of Last Revision

2025-10-16 09:47:28

Major

Exercise Science

Honors Course

EXER: 430

Number of Credits

2

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science

Date of Expected Graduation

Spring 2026

Abstract

Muscle recovery following exercise-induced soreness has been the focus of extensive research and debate, with Cold Water Immersion (CWI) and Hot Water Immersion (HWI) emerging as two of the most widely used modalities. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of CWI and HWI on muscle recovery by determining changes in maximal force production of knee extension, range of motion (ROM) of the hip joint in flexion, extension, and abduction, and subjective muscle soreness using a validated Likert scale. Seven male recreational athletes participated in hot and cold-water immersion, and passive recovery. Despite thorough data collection, the results revealed no statistically significant differences between the three recovery methods. Due to limitations such as small sample size and inconsistent participant understanding of testing instructions, findings were inconclusive. These results emphasize the need for further research involving larger, well-controlled participant groups to more clearly determine the effectiveness of hot versus cold water immersion in reducing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).

Research Sponsor

Rachele Kappler

First Reader

Melissa Smith

Second Reader

Stephanie Davis-Dieringer

Honors Faculty Advisor

Rachele Kappler

Proprietary and/or Confidential Information

No

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